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Choriocarcinoma is an aggressive cancerous form of gestational trophoblastic disease, usually from a molar pregnancy.

What is Gestational Trophoblastic Disease?

Known also as GTD, these abnormal cells begin in the layer of trophoblastic cells at the formation of the placenta in any pregnancy. They are tumors in the uterus and can begin to attach to the uterine muscle (invasive). Most GTD are not malignant/cancerous. There are various forms of GTD, the most common being molar pregnancies, some of which turn into choriocarcinoma (placental cancer). These germ cells are microscopic, fast-moving, and aggressive, but respond very well to chemotherapy (if caught in time). Metastasis is from the uterus to the lungs, liver, and the brain. Treatment includes b-hCG monitoring, D&C surgery, and chemotherapy. Sometimes a hysterectomy is also needed. Treatment has a high cure rate if caught in time. FIGO Score and Staging Levels are used along with varied scans and symptoms. Monitoring b-hcg levels will take effect to see if it drops down on its own in ample time. Should it not, then further treatment will be needed, such as chemo, even if not malignant.

Vocabulary Breakdown:

Chorio means any membrane that encloses the fetus or combining form while carcinoma means malignant tumor of the epithelial.

Tropho means nutrition, blast means early cell development, neoplasm means new growth, and gestational refers to pregnancy.

No matter where an individual’s journey may be in their GTD diagnosis, this can be very difficult and heartbreaking. Pregnancy loss, false hopes, and staggering fear are some of the broad spectrums of this. Many do move on to have a ‘rainbow baby’ after this journey. Those who were treated with chemo deal with chemo side effects, some of which are permanent. But remember, you are not alone.

Types of GTD:

  • Hydatidiform Mole
  • Choriocarcinoma
  • Persistent Trophoblastic Tumor
  • Ephiliod Tumor
  • Quiescent Choriocarcinoma
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Symptoms Can Include:

(Some is based on Metastasis)

  • Abnormal or Vaginal Bleeding, Even Hemorrhaging
  • Increased or High B-hCG Pregnancy Hormone Levels
  • Thickened Uterine Wall
  • Other Pregnancy Symptoms
  • Abdominal/Pelvic Pain
  • Cough, Trouble Breathing
  • High Liver Enzymes
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • Fainting
  • Seizures
Pregnancy test showing results: "pregnant" and "not pregnant" options, with a faint line indicating a potential positive result. Relevant for family planning discussions.

B-hCG Monitoring is Pertinent

Continuous B-hCG monitoring is critical for treatment, best control, and prevention of further complications. Although home pregnancy tests can pick up levels from about <6-12, blood draws remain the most effective, picking up minute levels.

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